TUFLOW SWMM Tutorial M03: Difference between revisions

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= Introduction =
This tutorial, Module 3 of the TUFLOW -SWMM tutorial dataset, demonstrates how to add SWMM urban hydrology to a 1D / 2D SWMM stormwater pipe network / 2D TUFLOW HPC catchment model. TUFLOW -SWMM Tutorial Module 3 builds from the model created in <u>[[TUFLOW_SWMM_Tutorial_M02|TUFLOW SWMM Tutorial Module 2]]</u>. The completed TUFLOW -SWMM Module 2 model is provided in the '''''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\TUFLOW''''' folder of the download dataset as the starting point for this tutorial. If you are not already familiar with TUFLOW -SWMM linking, we recommend completing TUFLOW -SWMM Modules 1 and 2 prior to starting this tutorial. <br>
 
= Project Initialization =
==QGIS==
QGIS Version 3.34 or newer, and QGIS TUFLOW Plugin 3.9.0.11011 or newer are required to access the SWMM Processing Tools described in the following sections. For installation, see <u>[https://wiki.tuflow.com/index.php?title=TUFLOW_QGIS_Plugin#Installation_of_Plugin Installation of TUFLOW Plugin]</u>.<br>
Define the Coordinate Reference System (CRS), also called ‘Projection’, for the QGIS workspace:
<ol>
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<br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS1_Initialization_01a.mp4|width=1235}}<br>
 
==TUFLOW Plugin==
Next we need to configure the QGIS TUFLOW Plugin settings to link with the project folder where we will build our model:<br>
<ol>
<li>Open the 'Configure TUFLOW Project' tool by selecting Plugins > TUFLOW > Editing > Configure / Create TUFLOW Project.
<li>In the previous section, the CRS (Coordinate Reference System) for the QGIS Workspace was defined. As such, the projection inputs are set automatically.
<li>To set the location of the TUFLOW folder, click 'Browse...' and navigate to the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03''' folder. Click 'Select Folder'.
<li>To set the location of the TUFLOW single precision executable file, click 'Browse...' and navigate to the '''exe\2023-03-AD''' folder. Select '''TUFLOW_iSP_w64.exe''' and click 'Open'.
<li>Select 'GPKG' as the GIS Format.
<li>Select 'TUFLOW Classic / HPC' as the TUFLOW Engine.
<li>Tick on 'Save Default Settings Globally'.
<li>Click 'OK'.<br>
<br>
[[File:SWMM_M03_configure_project.png]]<br>
</ol>
<br>
 
==TUFLOW Model==
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</ol>
<br>
Style the TUFLOW layers. Suggested styling steps were provided in <u>[[TUFLOW_SWMM_Tutorial_M01#QGIS_Project_InitializationLoad_and_Style_TUFLOW_Model_Files|TUFLOW SWMM Tutorial M01]]</u>. They have not been duplicated here.<br>
<br>
 
===TUFLOW Plugin===
Next we need to configure the QGIS TUFLOW Plugin settings to link with the project folder where we will build our model:<br>
<ol>
<li>Open the 'Configure TUFLOW Project' tool by selecting Plugins > TUFLOW > Editing > Configure / Create TUFLOW Project.
<li>Set the CRS (Coordinate Reference System) by selecting one of the vector layers associated with the opened model using the drop menu list. For example, ''2d_bc_M01_001_L''.
<li>To set the location of the TUFLOW folder, click 'Browse...' and navigate to the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03''' folder. Click 'Select Folder'.
<li>To set the location of the TUFLOW single precision executable file, click 'Browse...' and navigate to the '''exe\2023-03-ADAF''' folder. Select '''TUFLOW_iSP_w64.exe''' and click 'Open'.
<li>Select 'GPKG' as the GIS Format.
<li>Select 'TUFLOW Classic / HPC' as the TUFLOW Engine.
<li>Tick on 'Save Default Settings Globally'.
<li>Click 'OK'.<br>
<br>
[[File: TS3_Configure_Project_01a.png]]<br>
</ol>
<br>
 
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<li>The GeoPackage database, '''TS03_001.gpkg''' will now be in the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\TUFLOW\model\gis''' folder.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Initialization_02aAnimation_TS3_Initialization_02b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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SWMM pipe network junction attributes need to be updated when converting a TUFLOW 2D direct rainfall / SWMM 1D model <u>([[TUFLOW_SWMM_Tutorial_M02|TUFLOW SWMM Tutorial Module 2]]</u>). into a format that uses SWMM hydrology instead of direct rainfall. Similar to above (incrementing the TUFLOW GeoPackage file), we will increment the SWMM pipe network database name so we do not alter the inputs necessary for '''TS02_5m_001.tcf''' to function without issue.
<ol>
<li> In the QGIS Layers Panel, open the '''TS02_001.tscf''' group. In the '''sw02_001.inp''' group, right click '''Links--Conduits'''.
<li> Select TUFLOW > SWMM - Increment GeoPackage. This opens the dialog shown below.
:*Output File: Click the '...'. andThis setwill automatically open to the '''TUFLOW\model\swmm''' folder. Set the newoutput database name to '''sw03_001.gpkg'''. and click 'Save'.
:*Existing GeoPackage Layers: 'Unload -- do not move'.
<li> Select 'OK'.
<li> The tool will automatically load '''sw03_001.gpkg''' into the QGIS workspace and remove '''sw02_001.gpkginp''' from the QGIS workspace.
<li> In the QGIS Layers Panel, move '''sw03_001.gpkg''' to the top of the list. This will ensure the data within this database file is displayed above all other layers in the project.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Initialization_03aAnimation_TS3_Initialization_03b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>Once the tool is finished, click 'Close'.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_01aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_01b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>In the QGIS Layers Panel, within the '''sw03_001''' group, move '''Hydrology--Subcatchments''' to the bottom. This will ensure that the other data within this database can be seen.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_02aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_02b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>Select 'Edit' from the top QGIS tab and click 'Paste Features' from the drop down menu.
<li>Toggle the editing off to save the edits.
<li>Remove '''SWMM_SubcatchmentsUrban_Hydrology''' from the QGIS Layers Panel.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_03aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_03b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
 
</ol>
 
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===Update SWMM Hydrology Raingages===
The text information within '''Hydrology--Raingages''' defines the pluviographs in the catchment. We will link to two different rain gages in this example. <br>
'''Note:''' 'Gage' is the American spelling of 'Gauge' in Oxford English.
 
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| RF_G2 || Volume || 0.1 || 1 || TIMESERIES || RF_FC07
|}
For a summary of the attributes associated with '''Hydrology--Raingages''', refer to <u>[https://docs.tuflow.com/classic-hpc/release/2023-03-AD/SWMM-Input-Detailed-1.html#tab:tab-SWMM-Input-Raingages TUFLOW 2023-03-AD Release Notes (Table A.11)]</u> and the <u>[https://downloads.tuflow.com/SWMM/SWMM5_Reference_Manual_Volume1_Hydrology_P100NYRA.pdf SWMM5 Reference Manual - Volume 1 (Hydrology)]</u>.<br>
Note, the spatial locations where the gage information is applied is covered in the following section.
<li> Turn off editing and save the information.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_04aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_04b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>In the QGIS Layers Panel, select (left click) '''Hydrology--Subcatchments''' and toggle on editing.
<li>Right click '''Hydrology--Subcatchments''' and select 'Open Attribute Table'.
<li>Choose 'Area' as the target field and type the calculation expression, '$area($geometry) / 10000'.
:* '$area($geometry) ': Extracts the area of each region (subcatchment) in '''Hydrology--Subcatchments'''.
:* '/ 10000': Converts the area values into hectares.<br>
'''Note:''' The projection used in these tutorials is measured in meters. Thus, when QGIS extracts the area from a region, it reports the area in m<sup>2</sup>. If using a projection that is measured in feet, QGIS would extract the area in ft<sup>2</sup>.
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For a summary of the attributes associated with the layer, refer to <u>[https://docs.tuflow.com/classic-hpc/release/2023-03-AD/SWMM-Input-Detailed-1.html#tab:tab-SWMM-Input-Subcatchments TUFLOW 2023-03-AD Release Notes (Table A.38)]</u> and the <u>[https://downloads.tuflow.com/SWMM/SWMM5_Reference_Manual_Volume1_Hydrology_P100NYRA.pdf SWMM5 Reference Manual - Volume 1 (Hydrology)]</u>.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_05aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_05b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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:*'''sw01_001.inp''' (road culverts).
:*'''sw03_001.inp''' (underground pipe network inputs and SWMM hydrology).
When TUFLOW processes SWMM inputs, it combines the multiple INP files into one single INP prior to simulation. For this model, the simulation control parameters defined in Module 1 ('''sw01_001''') '''> Project--Options''') will apply. The options relevant to this tutorial that have already been defined in the Module 1 input include:
:*'''flow_units''': set to metric.
:*'''infiltration''' method: set to Green Ampt.
We need to change the SWMM hydrology timestep details. Updating this setting in the '''sw01_001.inp''' does not impact any of the previous tutorial modules, as they did not include any hydrology components.
:*'''wetstep''' hydrology timestep: set to 1 minute.
:*'''dry step''' hydrology timestep: set to 1 minute.<br>
'''Note:''' If we wanted to change the '''Project--Options''' as a result of this modules additional data, '''Project--Options''' should have been included as a item in the earlier <u>[[TUFLOW_SWMM_Tutorial_M03#Update_SWMM_GeoPackage_Spatial_Database | SWMM GeoPackage Update]]</u> step, or SWMM GeoPackage Create step if using the model development workflow demonstrated in the previous tutorials. If the SWMM INP file reference is specified lower in the TCSF control file, the information contained in the file supersedes any duplicate information defined by INP files higher in the TCSF control file .''
<br><br>
 
===Update SWMM Junction Details===
When coupling SWMM hydrology with a 1D pipe network, updated '''Nodes--Junctions''' attribute details are needed if converting from 2D direct rainfall (rain-on-grid) model design. Now the SWMM hydrology inputs are complete, we will make the necessary changes to '''Nodes--Junctions''' in '''sw03_001.gpkg'''.<br>
 
<ol>
<li>In the QGIS Layers Panel, open the '''TS02_001.tscf''' group and select (left click) '''Nodessw01_001 >> Project--JunctionsOptions''' and toggle on editing.
<li>Right click '''Project--Options''' and select 'Open Attribute Table'.
<li>In the Processing Toolbox, select the 'Edit Features In-Place' tool. This allows the editing of an existing layer, instead of the creation of a new layer.
<li>Update the following hydrology timestep options:
<li>Go to TUFLOW >> SWMM in the processing tool list and select '<u>[[QGIS_SWMM_Junctions_Set_Attributes |Junctions - Set attributes ]]</u>' processing tool. This opens the dialog shown below.
:*WET_STEP: 00:01:00
:*Input Subcatchments: '''sw03_001 >> Hydrology--Subcatchments'''
:*DRY_STEP: 00:01:00
:*Input Inlet Usage Layers: '''TS02_001.tscf >> swmm_iu_TS02_001'''
:*Input BC Connection Layers: '''TS02_001.tbc >> 2d_bc_SWMM_Pipe_Network_Connections_001_L'''
:*General options:
:::*Maximum Depth Option (Ymax): 'Set to 0.0'.
:::*Nodes receiving subcatchment flows option (if connected to 2D): 'Set Apond = 0.0; Ksur = 0.0 (overwrites options below)'.
:*Nodes connected to 2D without Inlets:
:::*Ysur: 0
:::*Area of ponding: 50
:*Nodes connected to the 2D with Inlets:
:::*Maximum depth: 'Use global option'.
:::*Ysur: 0
:::*Area of ponding: 25
:*Nodes without a 2D connection:
:::*Surcharge Depth: 50
:::*Area of ponding: 1
<li>Select 'Modify All Features'.
<li>Once the tool has finished, click 'Close'.
<li>Turn off editing to save the edits.
<li>View the attributes associated within '''Nodes--Junctions''' to verify the data processing has been completed correctly. <br>
For a summary of the attributes associated with the '''Nodes--Junctions''' layer, refer to <u>[https://docs.tuflow.com/classic-hpc/release/2023-03-AD/SWMM-Input-Detailed-1.html#tab:tab-SWMM-Input-Junctions TUFLOW 2023-03-AD Release Notes (Table A.30)]</u> and the <u>[https://downloads.tuflow.com/SWMM/SWMM5_Reference_Manual_Volume2_Hydaulics_P100S9AS.pdf SWMM Reference Manual - Volume 2 (Hydraulics)]</u>.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_06aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_06b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
 
== Export SWMM INP File ==
We will now create a new INP file for the pipe network and SWMM urban hydrology inputs. Toand do this, we need to convertupdate '''sw03_001sw01_001.gpkginp''' intoto areflect SWMMthe INPchanges file.made to the hydrology options above.
 
<ol>
<li>In the QGIS Layers Panel, right click '''Hydrology--Subcatchments''' (or any other SWMM layer in the same GeoPackage) and select 'TUFLOW' > 'SWMM - Export inp file'.
<li>InThis thewill Processingopen Toolbox, go to TUFLOW >> SWMM and selectthe '<u>[[QGIS_SWMM_GeoPackage_Write_to_SWMM_inp |GeoPackage - Write to SWMM inp]]</u>'. Thisprocessing tool, prepopulated openswith the dialogfilename shownof belowthe layer's GeoPackage. <br>
:*GeoPackage Input File: Navigate to the '''TUFLOW\model\swmm''' folder and select '''sw03_001.gpkg'''.
'''Note:''' This tool can also be activated from the Processing Toolbox.
<li>By default, this tool will save the SWMM inp file in the same folder location and with the same name as the GeoPackage input file. In this case, it will save '''sw03_001.inp''' to the '''TUFLOW\model\swmm''' folder.
<li>Click 'Run'.
:*<li>Once the tool is finished, update the 'GeoPackage Input File:' Navigateparameter. Click '...', and navigate to the '''TUFLOW\model\swmmgis''' folder. and selectSelect '''sw03_001sw01_001.gpkg'''.
<li>Click 'Run'.
<li>Once the tool is finished, click 'Close'.
<li>By default, thisThis tool will save the SWMM inp filefiles in the same folder location and with the same name as the GeoPackage input file. In this case, it will save '''sw03_001.inp''' and '''sw01_001.inp''' to the '''TUFLOW\model\swmm''' folder.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_07aAnimation_TS3_SWMM_Inputs_07b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>Tick the 'Regions' Geometry Type.
<li>In the Spatial Database Options, select 'All to one'. Navigate to the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\TUFLOW\model\gis''' folder and select '''TS03_001.gpkg'''. Click Save and hit 'OK'.
<li>The '''2d_sa_TS03_001_L2d_sa_TS03_001_R''' appears in the QGIS Layers Panel.<br>
<br>
[[File:TS3_import_empty_2d_sa_01a.png]]<br>
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'''Note:''' Common hydrology software used in combination with TUFLOW by modelers include: HEC-HMS, RORB, Drains, WBNM, URBS and more.''
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_TUFLOW_Inputs_01aAnimation_TS3_TUFLOW_Inputs_01b.mp4|width=12351236}}
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</ol>
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<li>Copy '''bc_dbase_TS03_001.csv''' and '''TS03_01p2hr.csv''' from the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\Tutorial_Data''' folder to the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\TUFLOW\bc_dbase''' folder.
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_TUFLOW_Boundary_01aAnimation_TS3_TUFLOW_Boundary_01b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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===TUFLOW Control File (TCF)===
<ol>
<li>OpenEdit '''TS03_001TS03_5m_001.tcf''' andby makemaking the following reference updates:<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>Spatial Database </tt></font> <font color="red"><tt>== </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>..\model\gis\TS03_001.gpkg</tt></font> <font color="green"><tt> ! Specify the location of the GeoPackage Spatial Database</tt></font><br>
<font color="blue"><tt>BC Control File</tt></font> <font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>..\model\TS03_001.tbc</tt></font> <font color="green"><tt> ! Reference the TUFLOW Boundary Condition Control File</tt></font><br>
<font color="blue"><tt>BC Database</tt></font> <font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>..\bc_dbase\bc_dbase_TS03_001.csv</tt></font> <font color="green"><tt> ! Reference the Boundary Condition Database</tt></font><br>
<font color="blue"><tt>SWMM Control File</tt></font> <font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>..\model\TS03_001.tscf</tt></font> <font color="green"><tt> ! Reference the SWMM (1D) Control File</tt></font><br>
<li> Add the following command to the '<tt><font color="green">Time Control</font></tt>' section. This command is necessary for many TUFLOW-SWMM models, especially when using SWMM hydrology. The 2D timestep dictates the SWMM 1D timestep. Generally, this timestep is adequate for SWMM but in cases where the flows are contained in the 1D, the timestep may become too large for SWMM. This command forces it into the appropriate range. If this command is neglected, some models will experience very high mass errors. The range of timesteps used is reported in the SWMM .rpt file ('''TS03_5m_001_swmm.rpt''') in the '''TUFLOW\results''' folder.<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>Timestep Maximum </tt></font> <font color="red"><tt>== </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>3</tt></font> <font color="green"><tt> ! Specifies a maximum timestep of 3 seconds</tt></font><br>
<li> Comment out the 'Map Cuttoff Depth' command by placing a '!' at the beginning of the line. This command is only necessary for 2D direct rainfall (rain on grid) modelling (SWMM Tutorial 2).<br>
<font color="green"><tt>! Map Cutoff Depth == 0.05</tt></font><br>
<br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Sim_Control_01aAnimation_TS3_Sim_Control_01b.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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===TUFLOW Boundary Control File (TBC)===
<ol>
<li>Edit '''TS03_001.tbc'''.
<li>Open '''TS03_001.tbc'''. If using Notepad++, right click the file reference in '''TS03_5m_001.tcf''' and select 'Open File'.
<li>Comment out the 'Global Rainfall BC' command by placing a '!' at the beginning of the line. This command is only necessary for 2D direct rainfall (rain on grid) modelling (SWMM Tutorial 2).<br>
<font color="green"><tt>! Global Rainfall BC == RF_FC04</tt></font>
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<font color="blue"><tt>Read GIS SA</tt></font><font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font><font color="black"><tt>2d_sa_TS03_001_R </tt></font><font color="green"><tt>! Reads in 2D source area - Excluding SWMM areas</tt></font><br>
<br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Sim_Control_02aAnimation_TS3_Sim_Control_02c.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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===TUFLOW SWMM Control File (TSCF)===
<ol>
<li>OpenEdit '''TS03_001.tscf'''. If using Notepad++, right click the file reference in '''TS03_5m_001.tcf''' and select 'Open File'.
<li>Replace <font color="blue"><tt>Read SWMM</tt></font><font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font><font color="black"><tt>swmm\sw02_001.inp</tt></font> with the following command:<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>Read SWMM</tt></font><font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font><font color="black"><tt>swmm\sw03_001.inp</tt></font><br>
<li>As we are pushing flows from the subcatchments straight to the pipe network, the water level of the ponded water at the nodes can become much higher than the 2D water levels. The inlet will surcharge but the flow is throttled. The following command will pull water out of the 2D if the 1D ponded water level goes beyond 0.1 m higher than the 2D (not needed for rain on grid simulations). Add the following command:<br>
<li>Add the following additional command:<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>Maximum Inlet Ponded Depth</tt></font><font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font><font color="black"><tt>0.1 </tt></font><font color="green"><tt>! Pull ponded water out of the 1D domain as needed</tt></font><br>
<li>Add the following additional command:<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>Read BC Timeseries</tt></font><font color="red"><tt> == </tt></font><font color="black"><tt>RF_FC04 | RF_FC07 </tt></font><font color="green"><tt>! TUFLOW BC Database / SWMM Rain Gage Linkage</tt></font><br>
<br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Sim_Control_03aAnimation_TS3_Sim_Control_03c.mp4|width=12351236}}
<br>
</ol>
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<li>Save a copy of '''_run_TS02_HPC.bat''' as '''_run_TS03_HPC.bat''' in the '''TUFLOW_SWMM_Module_03\TUFLOW\runs''' folder.
<li>Update the batch file to reference the '''TS03_5m_001.tcf''' :<br>
<font color="blue"><tt>'''set'''</tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>exe</tt></font><font color="red"><tt>=</tt></font><font color="black"><tt>"..\..\..\exe\2023-03-ADAF\TUFLOW_iSP_w64.exe"</tt></font><br>
<font color="blue"><tt>'''set'''</tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>run</tt></font><font color="red"><tt>=</tt></font><font color="black"><tt>start "TUFLOW" /wait</tt></font> <font color="orange"><tt> %exe%</tt></font> <font color="black"><tt> -b</tt></font> <br>
<font color="orange"><tt>%run% </tt></font> <font color="black"><tt>TS03_5m_001.tcf </tt></font>
 
<li>Save the batch file and double click it in Windows File Explorer to run the simulation. <br>
If<li>Did your theTUFLOW-SWMM model simulationfail doesn'tto run successfully? If so, here is a link to somea troubleshooting commonguide: <u>[[Tutorial_Troubleshooting_QGISTUFLOW_SWMM_Troubleshooting | TroubleTUFLOW ShootingSWMM Troubleshooting]]</u> advice.<br>
<br><br>
{{Video|name=Animation_TS3_Run_Sim_01aAnimation_TS3_Run_Sim_01c.mp4|width=12351236}}<br>
</ol>
 
== Troubleshooting ==
Did your TUFLOW SWMM model fail to run successfully? If so, here is a link to a troubleshooting guide: <u>[[TUFLOW_SWMM_Troubleshooting | TUFLOW SWMM Troubleshooting]]</u>.<br>
<br>
 
= Check Files =
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*The 1D SWMM pipe urban pipe network junction attributes were updated to accomodate for the change in model configuration, from 2D direct rainfall to 1D SWMM hydrology.
*Check and result files associated with the SWMM hydrology modelling were inspected.
*For further training opportunities see <u>[https://tuflow.com/training/training-course-catalogue/ TUFLOW Training Catalogue]</u> and/or contact <u>[mailto:training@tuflow.com training@tuflow.com]</u>.
<br><br>
 
=Other TUFLOW SWMM Tutorials=