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Line 13: The most appropriate approach to model a syphon is to use a M channel described in Section 5.8 in the Manual. An M channel can be used to define a matrix of flows between two invert levels based on their respective depths. If this matrix of flows through the syphon can be calculated, or if they are given as part of the operational instructions, then they can be input in .csv form as below, where negative values indicate flows going from downstream to upstream. [[File:Syphon matrix w10.jpg\| 600px]] === Storage Nodes & Additional Losses === Alternatively, 1d_nwk nodes can be used to account for the storage of the vertical portion of the syphon as the images shown below. This configuration essentially estimates the flows conveyed though the syphon based on the upstream and downstream water level and the hydraulic property of the bottom pipe. ~~You~~It ~~can probably account for the bend loss (or any extra loss) through the syphon using the Form_Loss attribute of the pipe. It’s~~is strongly recommended to calibrate the model result against measurement data to check the accuracy or if measurement data are not available, conduct sensitivity testing. [[File:Syphon storagenodes.jpg]] ==== Syphon Losses ==== The main losses for a syphon are: * entry and exit losses ~~(let tuflow calculate it automatically)~~ * friction at pipe and wall ~~(use manning's n)~~ * bend ~~loss~~losses Bend losses (or any extra loss) through the syphon can be accounted for using the Form_Loss attribute of the pipe. The following figure provides loss values for common bend types: [[File:Bend losses.jpg]]

1D Syphons: Difference between revisions